The understanding of project management and the methodologies, tools, and resources are used by PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge). Project management sustainability is the focus, and subsequently, the waste of a project is determined by this sustainability approach of clients, stakeholders, and project managers. The integrated project delivery method is evident in building sustainable projects.
This paper aims to evaluate the sustainable project management processes, structures, and responsibilities PM (project managers) take on within a project. The findings will also explain how Architects are expected to become the project managers of designed projects. Cycles and key components are explained to attain a better understanding of the attributes of a PM. To understand the effectiveness of these attributes, three case studies were conducted on an exploratory research methodology fashion to understand the pitfalls project management falls under. These case study projects aim to be compliant with the LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) and BREEAM (British Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method).
The reason for chosen chase studies in sustainable project management is to understand the effectiveness of a knowledgeable PM in the field of the Project. The case study research tends to prove by using correct models outlined by institutes, resources can be managed effectively with considered and concise planning.
Project managers are humans with real-world perceptions. They pose personal characteristics: beliefs, experience, values, ethics, technical knowledge, social skills, and managerial properties (Yodollahi, Mirghasemi, Mohamad Zin, & Singh, 2014). The selection of an appropriate PM should be researched by an organization. These acquired PMs should submit their strategic overview of the Project as outlined by the PMI (project management institute). This selection process will ensure that project abandonment will not occur in many countries such as the United States, Spain, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, and Russia (Yodollahi, Mirghasemi, Mohamad Zin, & Singh, 2014).
According to Wideman: “project management is the art of directing and coordinating human and material resources to achieve stated objectives within limits of time, budget, and stakeholders’ satisfaction.” PMs have total authority over projects and contributes 34-47% of a project’s success. Sectors such as planning, organizing, and controlling are some leadership roles of a PM. They hire competent staff for the correct services to deliver project objectives. These skills, as defined by (Yodollahi, Mirghasemi, Mohamad Zin, & Singh, 2014) are: “an ability that can be developed which is manifested in performance.”
Key components of a Project Manager (Roseke, 2020).
1. Scope Statement
2. Critical Success Factors
3. Deliverables
4. Work Breakdown Structure
5. Schedule
6. Budget
7. Quality
8. Human Resources Plan
9. Stakeholder List
10. Communication
11. Risk Register
12. Procurement Plan
PM methodologies for the built environment The Waterfall methodology is adequate for the built environment. While the Agile method can be used in the initial stages where design needs to be refined, the waterfall method creates a linear movement throughout the process of the Project. Agile methods focus on back-and-forth decision making, while the waterfall method lives on completing tasks in a subsequential manner in order for the next task to begin. In figure 1, the five stages in this method: requirements, design, implementation, verification, and maintenance (Orangescrum, 2020).
Figure 1: Waterfall project management methodology (Orangescrum, 2020)
Conclusion
Their lies truth in the standardization of PM responsibilities and key components of a working project manager as set out in the PMBOK. Waterfall methods are essential in the built environment to ensure a linear communication line and implementation phase. Pitfalls can be avoided or better managed when known from the initiation phase of a design project. Well-trained and skillful stakeholders produce a well-communicated project with target-driven meetings.
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